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High Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Patients with Essential Hypertension

Ghadeer A. Al-Ghareeb1, Hayfaa A. Wahabi2, Bader A. Almustafa1, and Amel A. Fayed3
1.Qatif Primary Health Care, Qatif, Saudi Arabia
2.King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
3.Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract—Obesity increases the risk for diabetes, but there is limited evidence for this relationship among patients with hypertension. A retrospective cohort study was undertaken between 1/10/2013 and 30/9/2017. It included patients with hypertension visiting primary health care centres located in Qatif Province, Saudi Arabia. It included 438 patients (234 obese and 204 non-obese) with normal or prediabetic levels of fasting blood glucose and/or haemoglobin A1c at baseline. The incidence of type 2 diabetes per 1,000 person-years among obese and non-obese groups was 100.7 (95% confidence interval: 79.5-125.9), and 63.8 (95% confidence interval: 46.7-85.1) respectively. Median follow-up duration was 38.3 months. Yearly incidence of diabetes was the highest in the first two years of follow-up among obese and non-obese groups, and thereafter remained high only in the obese group. Predictors of type 2 diabetes development included being female, having a family history of diabetes, having a dyslipidaemia, higher fasting blood glucose level per mg/dl, and higher body mass index per kg/m2. The result showed high incidence rates of diabetes among hypertension patient and was particularly profound among patients who are obese. Primary diabetes prevention program is in need in this country.
Index Terms—hypertension, obesity, dyslipidaemias, diabetes mellitus, type 2

Cite: Ghadeer A. Al-Ghareeb, Hayfaa A. Wahabi, Bader A. Almustafa, and Amel A. Fayed, "High Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Patients with Essential Hypertension," International Journal of Pharma Medicine and Biological Sciences, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 75-81, April 2021. doi: 10.18178/ijpmbs.10.2.75-81

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