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Viability and Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Commercial Probiotic Products

Mohd Akmal Azhar 1, Mimi Sakinah Abdul Munaim 1, Muzamir Hasan 2, and Zularisam Ab Wahid 3
1. Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Pahang, Malaysia
2. College of Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, Pahang, Malaysia
3. Civil Engineering Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Pahang, Malaysia

 Abstract—The basic principle for probiotic microorganisms to be beneficial to the host is that they must show enough viability when arriving at the intestine as the site of action. Thus, they must be able to stay alive in the lower pH environment in the gastrointestinal tract. The extremely low pH in the human stomach and pepsin enzyme as antimicrobial agents provide an effective barrier toward foreign microorganisms in the human gastrointestinal system. Therefore, the primary purpose of this work is to evaluate the initial viability of the commercial probiotic product and the transit tolerance of the probiotic samples toward low pH in the human gastrointestinal system. In the present study, ten commercial probiotic products available in Malaysia with different types of dosage form were chosen for viability tests and in vitro tolerance toward the human gastric acid environment. The acid tolerance test was conducted at pH 2 for 3 h incubation at 37 °C. The viability was evaluated using a flow cytometer method to determine the cell count. Six out of ten products showed similar or higher viable organism count than the stated label. However, all of the products still met the minimum initial viability requirement for commercial probiotic products, which is 106 CFU per g or mL sample. Generally, all the probiotic product strains cannot tolerate the lower gastric pH environment except for those obtaining enteric coating protection or possessing acidic tolerance.
 
Index Terms—Enteric coating, gastric tolerance, probiotic, viability

Cite: Mohd Akmal Azhar, Mimi Sakinah Abdul Munaim, Muzamir Hasan, and Zularisam Ab Wahid, "Viability and Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Commercial Probiotic Products," International Journal of Pharma Medicine and Biological Sciences, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 117-121, July 2020. doi: 10.18178/ijpmbs.9.3.117-121

Copyright © 2020 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided that the article is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
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