Abstract—Animal genetic resources are playing a vital role in ensuring food security and maintaining genetic diversity. The efforts of conservation of animal genetic resources in developing countries are minimal. Even the different animal genetic conservation programs in developing countries are not effective confounded by different challenges. Different factors are responsible for the loss of animal genetic resources. As a matter of facts, the issue of animal genetic resources in developing countries reflects the theory of the chicken –the egg paradox in the sense that conservation programs usually started without the advent of full spectrum of conservation strategies. Besides, the importance of animal genetic resources is viewed from their direct merit and their conservation is solely depending on their direct merits neglecting the other outstanding merits. Overall, animal genetic resource conservation is becoming under question for defined newly emerging and existing constraints and there is a pressing need to curb this scenario. This review therefore, summarizes the issues of conservation of animal genetic resources in developing countries.